Absolute value generation
The absolute position information is determined from the code tracks of the encoder.
In the absolute measurement procedure, the position value is available immediately after the encoder is switched on and can be read by the controller at any time. The motor shaft does not have to be moved to determine the actual position value.
The following illustration shows as an example an optical absolute measurement with a resolution of 4 bits.
(Illustration from http://content.heidenhain.de/presentation/basics/de)